Objectives

Students will learn:

1. The importance of grooming in making a good "first impression."
2. The fundamentals of shaving with an electric shaver
3. How to correctly clean and protect their skin and face by:
1. Using proper washing and drying techniques.
2. Properly treating a pimple.
3. Applying sunscreen.
4. How to properly care for and cut their nails.
5. Dental care basics:
1. Why brushing and flossing are important to dental health.
2. Why brushing and flossing are important to fresh breath.
3. When and how to brush.
4. How much toothpaste to use.
5. When and how to floss.
6. When to visit the dentist.
6. Tips on Special Issues:
1. Cleaning eyeglasses
2. How to do a mid-day freshen-up.

Teacher Notes

Much of the content and many of the suggested "Behavior Development Activities" of the Male and Female Grooming Programs are similar. Although we have designed the male and female videos to be viewed by audiences according to gender, we recommend combining males and females in post-viewing discussions and "Behavior Development Activities" whenever appropriate.

How to Design Your Lessons & Use The "Optional Pause Points

In the "Instructional Content" section of this guide, you will find the facts, concepts, and tasks we expect your students to learn. Use this information, as well as the material in the "Grooming Rationale & Overview" section (on p. 13) and in the "Video Synopsis" to develop pre- and post-video screening discussions and as a reference guide in leading the "Behavior Development Activities" appropriate to the functioning level of your students. More capable students will enjoy extended discussions of the power of personal presentation. Students with moderate to severe cognitive and/or behavioral impairment will gain most from repeatedly watching the "video modeling" of our First Impression Players and from "in vivo" (in a living body) practice.

We have incorporated many "Optional Pause Points" within the video itself. These Pause Points correspond to discreet content areas and make convenient stopping points to take a break and/or to answer questions. We do, however, recommend screening the entire video with your class, over one or more class periods, before initiating any extended discussions or engaging in one of the "Behavior Development Activities." After the class has seen the entire video, we suggest playing it again but this time stopping at the Optional Pause Points to teach and review in depth the "Instructional Content" for that Pause Point, as well as to initiate one or more of the suggested "Behavior Development Activities." No matter how you choose to proceed, be sure to take your time. Taking several periods to teach and practice the content at each Pause Point would not be considered unusual, especially when working with students with special needs.

Video Synopsis

All the video programs in the "First Impressions" series open with a brief statement from a vocational counselor regarding the importance of making a good first impression at a job interview. Although the Hygiene, Grooming, and Dress Modules in the "First Impressions" series are not specifically about "getting a job," they are about the universal components that make up a making a good impression. The counselor's observations about how quickly impressions are formed (30 seconds) and his perception that the first impression we make is often the one thing we can control apply whether making an impression in the community, on a date, or at a job interview.

After hearing the counselor's admonition, we see a music video to the music of George Thorogood's "Get A Haircut." This 2-minute montage illustrates the negative consequences a bad first impression can make on getting service in a store, being seated in a restaurant, and getting a job.

We clearly see the social rejection that occurs when our actors disregard social norms related to appearance, cleanliness, and attitude. We see how powerfully appearance and actions can speak louder than words in giving a "first impression."

Justin and Kisha welcome your students back to learn more about good grooming

Justin dramatizes the negative effects of bad grooming by applying for a job at a fast-food restaurant. Although he's all dressed up, his hair is a mess, he's unshaven, his hands and fingernails are dirty, his teeth are yellow and his breath reeks. Needless to say, he has turned away without even getting an interview. Justin's bad grooming has made a bad impression on the manager of the restaurant, and no matter how good a worker he might be, he's not going to be given the opportunity to prove himself.

Back in the studio, Justin and Kisha discuss more of the elements that go into good grooming. First Justin demonstrates how to shave with an electric shaver. Then Ken, an African-American, discusses and demonstrates some of the special considerations African-American males have to be aware of when they shave.

Next, Justin demonstrates how to properly wash his face, how to safely take care of a "monster" pimple, and how to apply sunscreen.

Justin then demonstrates the proper way to wash his hands and scrub under his nails. He then demonstrates the use of a nail clipper and emery board to keep his fingernails neat and trimmed.

Finally, Justin and Kisha talk to Dr. Steven Subject, a respected dentist, who talks to them about the importance of good dental hygiene in the prevention of tooth decay and bad breath. Dr. Subject discusses and demonstrates, with Justin's help, the big three of dental care: brushing. flossing, and visiting the dentist.

Lastly, Justin shares a few tips on special issues such as cleaning eyeglasses and how to freshen up during the day without taking a shower.

Instructional Content

Much of the content and many of the suggested "Behavior Development Activities" of the Male and Female Grooming Programs are similar. Although we have designed the male and female videos to be viewed by audiences according to gender, we recommend combining males and females in post-viewing discussions and "Behavior Development Activities" whenever appropriate.

Following is a list of "Instructional Content," which defines the facts, concepts, and tasks we expect your students to learn. The videos in this module present most of this content. However, you will notice that some of the items below are in italics. These points are additional information, related to the information in "First Impressions", but are not discussed directly in the videos.

• Grooming means paying attention to the details, such as keeping your hair looking neat, your hands and nails clean and trimmed and your teeth and breath fresh and presentable.

Shaving

The shaving sequence:

1. If you can't shower or wash your face first, you can use a liquid pre-shave to prepare your beard (it helps lubricate the skin and make the hair stand up). Note: Our dermatologist said that pre-shave lotions were irritating and not necessary for everybody. Tell your students not to use it unless it makes a big difference in the shave they get.
2. Start with one side and shave in a circular motion from the end of the sideburn down to the chin. Get into the habit of following the same pattern on your face each time you shave, so you'll be sure to shave in every area.
3. Shave your chin and upper lip area.
4. Shave the other side of the face.
5. Shave around the neck area, under the chin (caution this is the most sensitive part of your face).
6. After you shave, look in the mirror and feel your face all over to make sure the skin is smooth Touch up any spots you missed.
7. When you're done, splash some cold water on your face.
8. We do not recommend using aftershave. It's irritating and drying to the skin.
9. To keep your shaver cutting close, be sure to clean out your shaver at least once a week. Use the brush that came with it to clean the hair that can clog the heads. Place a paper towel in the sink so you don't get tiny hairs all over and accidentally lose any parts of the shaver.
10. Here's a good idea. Some men use electric hair clippers to give themselves a close-cut beard instead of shaving (as demonstrated by Troy, the African-American man who gets a haircut in Grooming: Part I). This type of beard is easy to maintain and eliminates the rigors of getting a close shave entirely. And you don't have to shave every day!

Shaving advice for the African-American:

• African American men have to make sure they don't shave too close, or they can get a condition called "razor bumps." These are bumps are caused by the curly hair growing back into the skin after being cut.
• For African-American men, an electric shaver will cause fewer "razor bumps" than a blade razor, but they still have to be careful not to press too hard, or shave too close.
• Some African-American men use hair clippers to give themselves a close-cut beard instead of shaving (as demonstrated by Troy, the African-American man who gets a haircut in Grooming: Part I). This avoids the "razor bump" problem entirely while still giving a very neat look.
• Instead of shaving, some African-American men use depilatory-type products (like Magic Shave) to remove facial hair. This product is a highly toxic chemical and we don't recommend it for persons with developmental disabilities.

Other "hairy" details:

• Most employers prefer men to be clean-shaven.
• If you do choose to wear a beard or mustache, keep it trimmed regularly. Always ask your barber or stylist to also trim your beard when you get a haircut.
• If you have hair growing out of your nose, trim them with scissors that have a blunt end.

⏸️ First Video Pause Point

Skin Care

Washing your face:

1. Tuck a towel into your collar to protect and keep dry the clothing you have on.
2. Adjust the water temperature to warm (hot water will be irritating).
3. Splash water on your face to get it wet and remove light dirt.
4. If you need soap to get clean, lather a little soap in your hands.
5. Rub the soap into your face (cheeks, chin & nose area, forehead), using your fingertips. Rub gently and keep your eyes closed.
6. You don't need to soap your eyelids and don't put soap inside your nose.
7. When finished washing, rinse the water off your face thoroughly.
8. Pat your face dry--don't Rubbing can also irritate the skin.
9. Wash your face at least twice a day (but use soap only if necessary) once in the morning when you wake up, and in the evening before you go to bed.
10. If you are going somewhere special, and you want to make a good impression, wash your face before you go.
11. If your face is especially oily, or you are especially active, you may have to wash more frequently.
12. Be careful not to open pimples while washing your face. It can cause scarring and infection.

Advice for those with acne:

1. Do not squeeze pimples! That can lead to scarring or infections.
2. If you have pimples, you can either:
• Leave them alone.
• Cover them up with a band-aid or medicated make-up.
• Use a skin-colored medicated acne cream that contains benzoyl peroxide (it works by reducing inflammation). Start with the mildest version (there are 2.5%, 5%, or 10%) and apply only to the pimple itself, using clean fingertips.
3. Toners and astringents only have a temporary effect on making skin appear less oily. In fact, the alcohol in them can overdry your skin, making it rebound and pump out even more oil.
4. Things that can promote acne:
• Constantly touching your face with your hands.
• Hair products used around your forehead area
• Stress
• Overwashing and overuse of moisturizers
5. Things that haven't been proven to promote acne:
• Chocolate
• Potato chips
• Other fried food
6. Pimples take one to three months to form and if left alone, will take 6-8 weeks to go away.
7. A dermatologist or general practitioner can prescribe medication that can significantly reduce the toll pimples take on appearance.

Nail Care

Why hand and nail care is so important:

• Your hands and nails carry more germs and bacteria than any other part of your body.
• Germs are microscopic, invisible living things. One way they travel is through people touching something someone else has touched.
• Germs can make you sick. You can also make others sick if they get your germs.
• It's important to wash your hands frequently if you have a cold and especially after you use the bathroom (to prevent transmission of fecal matter to the mouth), and before you prepare or eat food).
• What removes the bacteria from the hands during washing is not the soap but the action of the hands rubbing together under running water.
• Soap helps mainly by making the hands smooth and easier to rub together.

Fingernail Care

1. Never let your nails grow beyond the edge of your fingertips. Keep them about halfway to your fingertips or shorter.
2. It's easier to cut your nails when they're soft. Cut them after you've showered or washed your hands.
3. Use a nail clipper (not your teeth!) to trim your nails.
4. Start with your thumb and from one end, trim your thumbnail, following the curve of your fingertip and the white part. Do not start in the middle-you could crack your nail.
5. Move to the next finger and trim the nail as before. Continue this until you have completed all your fingernails.
6. Trim any hangnails, but leave your cuticles alone.
7. Smooth down rough edges with an emery board by filing from each corner and moving towards the center.
8. Use hand lotion if your hands are dry.

Toenail Care

1. Use a toenail clipper since your toenails are generally thicker than your fingernails.
2. Cut them after you've showered when they're softer.
3. Unlike cutting fingernails, clip them in a straight line from one corner to the other instead of following the curve of the toe. The straight-line cut will help prevent ingrown toenails.

⏸️ Second Video Pause Point

Dental Care

What to know about your dental care:

• Poor dental hygiene is the major cause of bad breath. No one wants to be around someone with bad breath.
• Poor dental hygiene can also lead to cavities and gum disease.
• Teeth should last a lifetime.
• The three important steps to prevent bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) are:
1. Brushing at least twice daily.
2. Flossing at least once daily.
3. Visiting the dentist at least twice a year.
• Candy, gum, mints, and mouthwashes only cover up bad breath temporarily because they can't remove the bacteria.

Brushing your Teeth

• The toothbrush should have a small, flat head with soft nylon bristles.
• Toothpaste is relatively unimportant. It's the brushing that really removes the bacteria, called plaque. However, if you use toothpaste, use one that contains fluoride and tastes good to you.
• Brush at least twice a day after breakfast in the morning, and before you go to bed at night. Brushing three times a day is ideal-so, if possible, brush after lunch as well.
• Proper brushing should take 2-5 minutes
• Replace your toothbrush when the bristles are splayed and bent over. Also, replace it after you've been sick since there's a chance you could reinfect yourself with your toothbrush.

The Tooth brushing Sequence:

1. The use of toothpaste is really unnecessary. However, if it helps you brush your teeth, put only a drop of toothpaste, about the size of a pea, on your toothbrush. TV commercials that show toothpaste covering the brush are just designed to sell more toothpaste!
2. Hold the toothbrush at a 45° angle to the gum line, pointing downward on the bottom teeth, and wiggle and jiggle the toothbrush back and forth as you move the toothbrush around your bottom teeth. (You don't move the toothbrush in an up-and-down motion or roll the toothbrush against your teeth anymore-dentists now believe the wiggling back-and-forth motion is best because it gets the bristles of the toothbrush down below the gum line where plaque forms).
3. Still holding the toothbrush at a 45° angle to the gum line, but now pointing upwards towards the top teeth, wiggle and jiggle the toothbrush back and forth as you move the toothbrush around your upper teeth.
4. Use the same 45° angle and wiggle and jiggle the toothbrush along the inside bottom teeth and the inside top teeth.
5. For the front top and bottom teeth, move the brush perpendicular to the teeth and wiggle and jiggle the toothbrush up and down.
6. Finally, brush the bottom surfaces of the upper teeth, and the top surfaces of the lower teeth.
7. Don't forget to brush the top of your tongue, especially in the back-bad breath bacteria is there too.
8. Spit out all the toothpaste and rinse your mouth with water. Also, rinse out your toothbrush and let it air dry.

Flossing

• We floss to remove plaque, a bacteria that naturally builds up on everyone's teeth.
• Flossing physically removes the plaque and is one of the most important things you can do if you want to have good breath and avoid gum disease (the major cause of tooth loss).
• Floss between all your teeth (even though we only show a few teeth in the video) at least once a day-preferably at night before bed.
• Use whichever type of floss you prefer (waxed, unwaxed, tape)
• If your gums bleed easily, it's a sign you not flossing enough. See your dentist if the bleeding does not stop after resuming a flossing program.

The Flossing Sequence:

1. Break off a piece of floss several feet long (about as long as your arm) and wind both ends around your fingers, leaving about 1" of floss in between.
2. Floss between all your teeth by guiding the floss between two teeth and sliding it up and down along the side of one tooth, going all the way under the gumline, then pulling it midway down and sliding it up and down along the side of the adjacent tooth, going all the way under the gumline, then pulling it out.
3. Move to the next two teeth and repeat the above method, using a fresh section of floss.
4. After all the teeth are flossed, unwind the floss from your fingers and toss.
5. Rinse your mouth with water.
6. Even avid flossers can't remove all the plaque that builds up under the gums. Control of plaque also requires regular cleaning by a dental hygienist--usually every six months.

What happens when you don't floss:

• Healthy teeth are clean and white and gums are firm, and pink and don't bleed when brushed or flossed. But plaque is constantly building up on the teeth.
• The first stage of decay is when "gingivitis" sets in. The plaque hardens on the teeth if it is not removed by flossing. The gums become red, swollen, and bleed easily and the breath is bad. But things can be reversed with thorough removal of the plaque and with professional cleaning.
• The second stage of decay is called "early periodontitis." Because the plaque hasn't been removed, it is now brown and visible. The gums are inflamed and start to separate from the teeth and your breath is awful. Only a dentist can treat this.
• "Moderate periodontitis" is the third stage of decay. The plaque has caused the breath to be really bad, and it's eating away at the bone, loosening the teeth. On top of that, the gums are starting to recede. Only a dentist can treat this.
• The final stage of decay is called "severe periodontitis." The plaque has made the teeth become loose because of bone loss and receding gums. They'll either fall out or need to be pulled out. And the breath is horrendously bad. You'll be seeing your dentist a lot.

Mouthwash

1. Mouthwashes, breath mints, and gums work by covering up the smell of bad breath. They only last about 5-10 minutes.
2. Use only a mouthful of mouthwash and swish it around your mouth.
3. Don't swallow it. Spit it out.

Visiting the dentist:

• See your dentist at least twice a year.
• The reason to see the dentist is to have your teeth cleaned and checked for cavities and gum disease.
• People with tooth problems, bad oral hygiene, or persistent bad breath may need to visit the dentist three or four times a year.
• If you have tooth pain or ache when you chew or drink hot or cold liquids, or your gums bleed on a regular basis, see your dentist.

Special Issues

Additional Grooming Issues:

1. If you wear eyeglasses, keep them clean since people can easily see if they are dirty or spotty. Use some soap and rinse your glasses with water. Wipe them off with a tissue.
2. If you have an active day, and you're sweating, but don't have time for a full shower, you can just rinse your upper body over the sink. Dampen a paper towel or washcloth, and wipe under your arms and around your neck,
3. Never pick your nose in public. Use a tissue to blow your nose, and dispose of it properly.
4. Never spit in public. It's rude and disrespectful—and it's illegal in most cities!
5. Don't scratch your private parts in front of anyone.

⏹️ End of Video

Behavior Development Activities

Much of the content and many of the suggested "Behavior Development Activities" of the Male and Female Grooming Programs are similar. Although we have designed the male and female videos to be viewed by audiences according to gender, we strongly recommend combining post-viewing discussions and working on "Behavior Development Activities" whenever appropriate.

Ask students to: